Elemental analysis by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GD-OES) enables rapid, non-destructive multi-element characterization of solid materials — from bulk composition to thin-film depth profiling. XRF identifies and quantifies elements by detecting characteristic fluorescence radiation, while GD techniques use plasma etching to reveal elemental composition as a function of depth with nanometer resolution. NewRoad provides XRF and GD elemental analysis instruments for materials science, quality control, and surface coating analysis.